10 most famous photos of all time

Lewis hine: Today, the pictures remain a haunting reminder of a time when too many toiling children spent long days not in school but sorting coal in breakers, spinning cotton in mills, shucking shellfish and pulling worms off tobacco plants. ICP Updates. Bored by the monotony of lectures, the young instructor took up photography and encouraged his students to use the camera as an educational medium. View fullsize.

Lewis Hine

American sociologist and photographer

Lewis Wickes Hine (September 26, – November 3, ) was an American sociologist and muckraker photographer. His photographs were instrumental in bringing about the passage of the first child labor laws in the United States.^[1]

Early life

Hine was born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, on September 26, After his father was killed in an accident, Hine began working and saved his money for a college education.

He studied sociology at the University of Chicago, Columbia University and New York University. He became a teacher in New York City at the Ethical Culture School, where he encouraged his students to use photography as an educational medium.^[2]

Hine led his sociology classes to Ellis Island in New York Harbor, photographing the thousands of immigrants who arrived each day.

Between and , Hine took over plates (photographs) and came to the realization that documentary photography could be employed as a tool for social change and reform.^[1]

Documentary photography

In , Hine became the staff photographer of the Russell Sage Foundation; he photographed life in the steel-making districts and people of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for the influential sociological study called The Pittsburgh Survey.

Lewis hine photography wilkes-barre penguins tickets Six years later, a large retrospective exhibition of his work was held at the Riverside Museum in New York. Year Before After All Years. Best of the Best Nominations Now Open! Young Boy, Steelworker, Pittsburgh, ca.

In , Hine became the photographer for the National Child Labor Committee (NCLC), leaving his teaching position. Over the next decade, Hine documented child labor, with focus on the use of child labor in the Carolina Piedmont,^[3] to aid the NCLC's lobbying efforts to end the practice.^[4] In , he documented child laborers among cotton mill workers with a series of Francis Galton's composite portraits.

Hine's work for the NCLC was often dangerous. As a photographer, he was frequently threatened with violence or even death by factory police and foremen. At the time, the immorality of child labor was meant to be hidden from the public. Photography was not only prohibited but also posed a serious threat to the industry.^[5] To gain entry to the mills, mines and factories, Hine was forced to assume many guises.

At times he was a fire inspector, postcard vendor, bible salesman, or even an industrial photographer making a record of factory machinery.^[6]

During and after World War I, he photographed American Red Cross relief work in Europe. In the s and early s, Hine made a series of "work portraits," which emphasized the human contribution to modern industry.

In , Hine was commissioned to document the construction of the Empire State Building. He photographed the workers in precarious positions while they secured the steel framework of the structure, taking many of the same risks that the workers endured. To obtain the best vantage points, Hine was swung out in a specially-designed basket 1,&#;ft above Fifth Avenue.^[7] At times, he remembered, he hung above the city with nothing below but "a sheer drop of nearly a quarter-mile."^[8]

During the Great Depression Hine again worked for the Red Cross, photographing drought relief in the American South, and for the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), documenting life in the mountains of eastern Tennessee.

He also served as chief photographer for the Works Progress Administration's National Research Project, which studied changes in industry and their effect on employment. Hine was also a faculty member of the Ethical Culture Fieldston School.

Later life

In , Hine was selected as the photographer for the National Research Project of the Works Projects Administration, but his work there was not completed.

The last years of his life were filled with professional struggles by loss of government and corporate patronage. Hine hoped to join the Farm Security Administration photography project, but despite writing repeatedly to Roy Stryker, Stryker always refused.^[9] Few people were interested in his work, past or present, and Hine lost his house and applied for welfare.

He died on November 3, , at Dobbs Ferry Hospital in Dobbs Ferry, New York, after an operation. He was 66 years old.^[10]

Legacy

Hine's photographs supported the NCLC's lobbying to end child labor, and in the Children's Bureau was created. The Fair Labor Standards Act of eventually brought child labour in the US to an end.^[5]

After Hine's death, his son Corydon donated his prints and negatives to the Photo League, which was dismantled in The Museum of Modern Art was offered his pictures and did not accept them, but the George Eastman Museum did.^[11]

In , PBS produced a one-hour documentary, America and Lewis Hine, about Hine's life and work.

The film was directed by Nina Rosenblum, written by Dan Allentuck and narrated by Jason Robards, Maureen Stapleton, and John Crowley.^[12]

In , author Elizabeth Winthrop Alsop's historical fiction middle-grade novel Counting on Grace was published by Wendy Lamb Books. The latter chapters center on year-old Grace and her life-changing encounter with Hine, during his visit to a Vermont cotton mill known to have many child laborers.

On the cover is the iconic photo of Grace's real-life counterpart, Addie Card^[13] (–), taken during Hine's undercover visit to the Pownal Cotton Mill.

In , Time published altered (colorized) versions of several of Hine's original photographs of child labor in the US.^[14]

Collections

Hine's work is held in the following public collections:

Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL^[15]
Albin O.

Kuhn Library & Gallery of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County – almost five thousand NCLC photographs^[16]
George Eastman Museum – thousands of photographs and negatives
Library of Congress – over 5, photographs, including examples of Hine's child labor and Red Cross photographs, his work portraits, and his WPA and TVA images.
New York Public Library, New York^[17]
International Photography Hall of Fame, , MO^[18]

Notable photographs

Young Doffers in the Elk Cotton Mills ()^[19]
Newsies at Skeeter's Branch ()
Steam Fitter ()

Gallery

References

^ ^a^bTroncale, Anthony T.

"About Lewis Wickes Hine". New York Public Library.
Lewis hine photography wilkes-barre penguins schedule A corrective for this would be better facilities for seeing, and so understanding, what the facts are. Tire maker at the control wheel, But those achievements came at a price. The census reported Neil Gallagher lived with his cousin Joseph Gallagher in New York, and the census listed Neil Gallagher living with his sister, Mary, and her husband in the Borough of Queens.
Archived from the original on March 8, Retrieved May 22,
^Smith-Shank, Deborah L. (March ). "Lewis Hine and His Photo Stories: Visual Culture and Social Reform". Art Education. 56 (2): 33– ISSN&#; OCLC&#;
^"Spinner in Vivian Cotton Mills, Cherryville, N.C.: Been at it 2 years.

Where will her good looks be in ten years?". World Digital Library. November Retrieved February 11,
^The American Quarterly, Lewis Hine: From "Social" to "Interpretive" Photographer, Peter Seixas
^ ^a^bMurphy, Adrian (September ).
Lewis hine
Lewis hine photography wilkes-barre penguins live
Lewis hine photography techniques

"Children in the machine: Lewis Hine's photography and child labour reform". Europeana (CC By-SA). Retrieved September 27,

^Rosenblum, Walter. Foreword. America & Lewis Hine: Photographs – Comp.
Lewis hine biography Hine is best known for the documentary images of child labor practices that he produced under the aegis of the National Child Labor Committee from to These photographs not only have been credited as important in the passing of child labor laws, but also have been praised for their sympathetic depiction of individuals in abject working conditions. In , he was selected as the photographer for the National Research Project of the Works Projects Administration and worked, briefly, on that project. Exclusive Subscriber-Only Content.
Marvin Israel (). New York: Aperture, up. 9– Print.
^Troncale, Anthony T. "Facts about the Empire State Building". New York Public Library. Archived from the original on February 4, Retrieved May 22,
^"Icarus – The Photo that Flew". The Attic. April 12, Retrieved May 10,
^Linda Gordon, Dorothea Lange: A Life Without Limits (New York: W.

W. Norton, ), p.
^The New York Times; November 4, ; "Lewis W. Hine; Photographer Whose Pictures Showed Conditions in Factories", p. 19
^Goldberg, Vicki (September 13, ). "The new season / Photography: critic's choice; A Career That Moved From Man to Machine".
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The New York Times. Retrieved October 25,

^"America and Lewis Hine". . Retrieved September 10,
^"Through the Mill".
^Dullaway, Sanna (January 29, ). "Colorized Photos of Child Laborers Bring Struggles of the Past to Life". Time.

Archived from the original on February 5, Retrieved February 6,
^Lewis Wickes Hine, Art Institute of Chicago
^"Lewis Hine Collection".
^"Search results – NYPL Digital Collections". . Retrieved February 11,
^"Lewis Hine".
Lewis hine photography wilkes-barre penguins His proposal stated:. While Manning never located any direct descendants of Gallagher, his research has, in some cases, led to the identification of anonymous children in photographs and contact with their grandchildren or great-grandchildren. Joe Manning. In the service of unchecked laissez-faire capitalism, it could be physically and emotionally debilitating, dehumanizing rather than empowering — never more so than when minor children are deprived of their childhoods and put to work in the factories and the field.
International Photography Hall of Fame. Retrieved February 21,
^Lewis Wickes Hine Young Doffers in the Elk Cotton Mills, Fayetteville, Tennessee, Archived April 16, , at at The Jewish Museum
^Brett-MacLean, Pamela (May 27, ). "The elderly patient: in situ". CMAJ.

Canadian Medical Association. Retrieved April 7,