Kisah perang salahuddin al ayubi biography
Salahuddeen's full name in Arabic was Salah Ad-Deen Yoosuf bin Ayyoob, also called Al-Malik An-Nasir Salah Ad-Deen Yoosuf I. He was born in /38 CE in Tikrit, Mesopotamia and died March 4, , in Damascus.
He later became the Muslim sultan of Egypt, Syria, Yemen and Palestine, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and one of the most famous of Muslim heroes.
In wars against the Christian crusaders, he achieved final success with the disciplined capture of Jerusalem (Oct.
2, ), ending its year occupation by the Franks. The great Christian counterattack of the Third Crusade was then stalemated by his military genius.
Salahuddeen was born into a prominent Kurdish family. On the night of his birth, his father, Najm ad-Deen Ayyoob, gathered his family and moved to Aleppo entering there the service of 'Imad ad-Deen Zanqi bin Al- Sunqur, the powerful Turkish governor in northern Syria.
Kisah perang salahuddin al ayubi biography pdf Sport contest among mosques was held in Kuzbass. He left no real estate or any other heredity. Sultan Nuruddin kala itu bercita-cita untuk menyatukan semua wilayah Islam yang tercerai berai kala itu. Sekarang Saladin menguasai Mesir, tetapi secara resmi bertindak sebagai wakil dari Nuruddin, yang sesuai dengan adat kebiasaan mengenal Khalifah dari Abbasid.Growing up in Balbek and Damascus, Salahuddeen was apparently an undistinguished youth, with a great taste for religious studies over military training.
His formal career began when he joined the staff of his uncle Asad ad-Deen Shirkuh, an important military commander under the Ameer Nuruddeen, who was the son and successor of Zanqi.
During three military expeditions led by Shirkuh into Egypt to prevent its falling to the Latin-Christian (Frankish rulers of the states established by the First Crusade), a complex, three-way struggle developed between Amalric I, the Latin king of Jerusalem; Shawar, the powerful State Minister of the Egyptian Fatimid caliph; and Shirkuh.
After Shirkuh's death and order of Shawar's assassination, Salahuddeen was appointed both commander of the Syrian troops in Egypt and State Minister of the Fatimid Caliphate there in , at the age of His relatively quick rise to power must be attributed to his own emerging talents. As State Minister of Egypt, he received the title king (Malik), although he was generally known as the sultan.
Salahuddeen's position was further enhanced when, in , he abolished the weak and unpopular Shiite Fatimid Caliphate, proclaimed a return to Sunni Islam in Egypt and became the country's sole ruler.
Kisah perang salahuddin al ayubi biography He never quit a prayer except when he slipped into a come for three days before his death. Sport contest among mosques was held in Kuzbass. Namun penyerangan itu urung dilakukan karena Sultan Nuruddin wafat pada tanggal 15 Mei Salahuddin pun terpaksa mundur, dan untuk pertama kalinya tentara salib merasa bisa menjungkalkan Salahuddin.Although he remained for a time, theoretically, a Governor for Nuruddeen, that relationship ended with the Syrian Ameer's death in Using the rich agricultural possessions in Egypt as a financial base, Salahuddeen soon moved into Syria with a small, but strictly disciplined, army to claim the regency on behalf of the young son of his former leader.
Soon, however, he abandoned this claim, and from until he zealously pursued a goal of uniting, under his own standard, all the Muslim territories of Syria, northern Mesopotamia, Palestine and Egypt.
This was accomplished by skillful diplomacy backed, when necessary, by the swift and resolute use of military force. Gradually, his reputation grew as a generous and virtuous but firm ruler, devoid of deception, lavishness, and cruelty. In contrast to the bitter dissension and intense rivalry that hampered the Muslims in their resistance to the crusaders, Salahuddeen's consistency of purpose induced them to rearm both physically and spiritually.
Salahuddeen's every act was inspired by an intense and unwavering devotion to the idea of Jihad against the Christian crusaders.
It was an essential part of his policy to encourage the growth and spread of Muslim religious institutions. He courted its scholars and preachers, founded colleges and mosques for their use, and commissioned them to write edifying works, especially on Jihad itself.
Kisah perang salahuddin al ayubi biography wikipedia Setelah Sultan Nuruddin meninggal dunia, Shalih Ismail yang merupakan anak dari Sultan Nuruddin bersengketa soal garis keturunan terhadap hak kekhalifahan di Mesir dengan Salahuddin. Benefits of reciting Salawat. Tatarstan Muslims help poor families to prepare children for school. Di bawah seorang wali terjadi perebutan kekuasaan di antara putera-putera Nuruddin dan wilayah kekuasaan Nurruddin menjadi terpecah-pecah.Through moral regeneration, which was a genuine part of his own way of life, he tried to re-create in his own realm some of the same zeal and enthusiasm that had proved so valuable to the first generations of Muslims when, five centuries before, they had conquered half of the known world.
Salahuddeen also succeeded in turning the military balance of power in his favor by uniting and disciplining a great number of unruly forces rather than employing new or improved military techniques.
At last in , he was able to throw his full strength into the struggle with equivalent armies to that of the Latin Crusader kingdom. On July 4, , by the permission of Allah, then by using his own good military sense and by a phenomenal lack of it on the part of his enemy, Salahuddeen trapped and destroyed, in one blow, an exhausted and thirst-crazed army of crusaders at Hattin, near Tiberias in northern Palestine.
So great were the losses in the ranks of the crusaders in this one battle that the Muslims were quickly able to overrun nearly the entire Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Acre, Toron, Beirut, Sidon, Nazareth, Caesarea, Nabulus, Jaffa (Yafo), and Ascalon (Ashqelon) fell within three months. But Salahuddeen's crowning achievement and the most disastrous blow to the whole crusading movement came on Oct. 2, , when Jerusalem, holy to both Muslims and Christians alike, surrendered to Salahuddeen's army after 88 years of being in the hands of the Franks.
In stark contrast to the city's conquest by the Christians, when blood flowed freely during the barbaric slaughter of its inhabitants, the Muslim re-conquest was marked by the civilized and courteous behavior of Salahuddeen and his troops.
His sudden success, which in saw the crusaders reduced to the occupation of only three cities, was, however, marred by his failure to capture Tyre, an almost unconquerable coastal fortress to which the scattered Christian survivors of the recent battles flocked.
It was to be the rallying point of the Latin counterattack. Most probably, Salahuddeen did not anticipate the European reaction to his capture of Jerusalem - an event that deeply shocked the West and to which it responded with a new call for a crusade. In addition to many great nobles and famous knights, this crusade, the third, brought the kings of three countries into the struggle.
Kisah salahuddin al ayyubi His efforts to revive Islamic education, patronize scholars, and promote the spread of Islamic knowledge were all part of his broader vision to unite the Muslim Ummah under a common religious and political framework. Salahuddin Al Ayyubi juga adalah seorang Ulama. Kosongnya kepemimpinan sepeninggal sang paman membuat Yusuf bin Najmuddin yang kemudian dikenal dengan nama Salahuddin Al Ayyubi dipilih oleh para Amir para petinggi untuk memimpin Mesir. The world has hardly witnessed a more chivalrous and humane conqueror.The magnitude of the Christian effort and the lasting impression it made on contemporaries gave the name of Salahuddeen, as their gallant and chivalrous enemy, an added luster that his military victories alone could never confer on him.
The Crusade itself was long and exhausting and, despite the obvious, though at times impulsive, military genius of Richard I - the Lion-Heart - it achieved almost nothing.
Therein lies the greatest - but often unrecognized - achievement of Salahuddeen. With tired and unwilling feudal levies, committed to fight only a limited season each year, his determined will enabled him to fight the greatest champions of Christendom to a draw. The crusaders retained little more than a precarious foothold on the Levantine coast, and when King Richard left the Middle East in October , the battle was over.
Salahuddin al ayubi muslims: Baca Sunting Sunting sumber Lihat riwayat. During the time that a Crusader bore the Cross, he was under the protection of the Church and exempted from all taxes as well as frees to commit all sins. Talha Ibn Obaidullah ra. Guy of Lusignan mendukung Raynald of Chatillon untuk melakukan provokasi untuk menyerang kaum muslimin.
Salahuddeen withdrew to his capital in Damascus.
Soon, the long campaigning seasons and the endless hours in the saddle caught up with him, and he died. While his relatives were already scrambling for pieces of the empire, his friends found that the most powerful and most generous ruler in the Muslim world had not left enough money to pay for his own burial.
Salahuddeen's family continued to rule over Egypt and neighboring lands like the Ayyubid dynasty, which succumbed to the Mamlooks in