Francois noel babeuf biography of mahatma

The French political revolutionist and writer François Noel Babeuf () was active during the French Revolution. He was among the first to advocate socialism as a political institution for solving the problems of society.

François Babeuf was born in Saint-Quentin on Nov.

25, Before the French Revolution he was employed as a commissaire à terrien at Roye, a position in which he was supposed to help the landed aristocracy assert their feudal rights over the peasants. His occupation made him unpopular among the lower classes, and he himself did not like the nobility.

Francois noel babeuf biography of mahatma From 11 April, Paris was placarded with posters headed "Analysis of Babeuf's Teaching" Analyse de la Doctrine de Baboeuf [ sic ] , Tribun du Peuple , which began with the sentence "Nature has given to every man the right to the enjoyment of an equal share in all property", [ 9 ] and ended with a call to restore the Constitution of Here he came under the influence of certain terrorist prisoners, notably of Lebois, editor of the Journal de l'egalite, afterwards of the Ami du peuple, papers which carried on the traditions of Marat. Leipzig, , a collection of reports of the secret police on which the above work is based. At the same time No.

In , on the eve of the Revolution, he wrote the section of the petition from the village of Roye which requested the king to abolish all feudal rights.

In the early years of the Revolution, Babeuf held minor government posts in Somme, in Montdidier, and finally in Paris, where he settled in He is credited with having applied the word "terrorists" to the Jacobins of After the Jacobins fell on 9 Thermidor (July 27, ) Babeuf supported the men who had defeated them.

In he began to publish the Journal de la liberté de la presse, later known as Le Tribun du peuple. In an article written shortly after the Thermidorian coup, Babeuf expressed radical democratic ideas. At this time he began to call himself Caius Gracchus Babeuf, after the Roman social reformer.

In October Babeuf was arrested for attacking the government's economic policies.

After his release the following year, he became one of the Directory's most violent critics. In Le Tribun du peuple he put forth his socioeconomic ideas and called for the establishment of a republic of equals. His theories, which formed the basis for 19th-century socialism and communism, were offensive to the Thermidorians.

Biography of mahatma gandhi Babeuf and Darthc were sentenced to death; Germain, Buonarroti, and five others, to transportation; Amar, Vadier, Duplay, and the remaining fifty-three, were acquitted. Part of a series on. The same year he published a pamphlet against feudal aids and the gabelle, for which he was denounced and arrested, but provisionally released. His father, Claude Babeuf, had deserted the French army in and taken service under Maria Theresa, rising, it is said, to the rank of major.

But he soon attracted a following of former Jacobins, and they opened a club at the Panthéon. In February the government closed the club and planned to take actions against the group, which was becoming a political menace.

Meanwhile, Babeuf and his supporters were plotting an attack upon the government. They wanted to implement the Constitution of , because they believed that it would place governmental power in the hands of the people.

However, their plan was betrayed by the spy Georges Grisel, and on May 10 Babeuf and the other leaders of the movement were arrested.

Francois noel babeuf biography of mahatma gandhi All those who govern should be considered responsible for the evils that they do not prevent. His father had died in , and he now had to provide for his wife and two children, as well as for his mother, brothers and sisters. Amar, M. His occupation made him unpopular among the lower classes, and he himself did not like the nobility.

On April 26, , Babeuf was condemned to death, and he was executed the next day.

Further Reading

The two best works on Babeuf in English are Ernest B. Bax, The Last Episode of the French Revolution: Being a History of Gracchus Babeuf and the Conspiracy of the Equals (), and Philippe M. Buonarroti, Babeuf's Conspiracy for Equality (; trans.

; repr. ). Both books are not only biographies, but histories of the "socialist" conspiracy. Also very good on the conspiracy is David Thomson, The Babeuf Plot: The Making of a Republican Legend (). □